From Wasserman Schultz to Goldman, Democratic incumbents are fighting for survival
As Democrats seek to reclaim power in November's midterm elections, some of the party's long-standing progressives are in danger of losing their seats.
The warning signs are flashing red in hotly contested primaries across the country, from a longtime ally of former House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., who is facing a challenger four decades younger, to a senior New York lawmaker seeking to fend off a Mamdani-backed opponent.
Not every race has a clear ideological divide, but every challenger is running on an anti-establishment message. Some are also advocating for generational change.
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Though sitting lawmakers are historically difficult to defeat, a wave of anti-incumbent fever appears to be taking hold among voters. Four incumbents — including Reps. Dan Crenshaw, R-Texas, and Thomas Massie, R-Ky. — have already lost their re-election bids to primary challengers this cycle.
The following are the progressive lawmakers who could be next.
Rep. Dan Goldman, D-N.Y., 50, a prominent Trump foe who served as Democrats' lead counsel during President Donald Trump's first impeachment trial, is running as an endangered incumbent in a Democratic-heavy district spanning Lower Manhattan and deep-blue pockets of Brooklyn.
Former New York City Comptroller Brad Lander, 56, who has the backing of Mamdani and leading progressives in Congress, is mounting an insurgent campaign from Goldman’s left. Leading progressive Sens. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., and Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., and the left-wing Working Families Party are also supporting his candidacy.
Goldman's endorsements from House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., and Gov. Kathy Hochul, D-N.Y., may not be enough to secure a third House term. Recent polling of the race shows Lander carving out a significant lead despite Goldman, who is one of the wealthiest members of Congress, outspending the progressive challenger.
Though Goldman has faced attacks from the left, he is a member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus (CPC). He has also supported a bevy of far-left proposals, including the abolition of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), Green New Deal legislation and Medicare-for-all. If Democrats retake power in November, he’s vowing to help lead a third impeachment of Trump.
But Israel has become a key fault line in the contest. Lander has sharply criticized the incumbent's ties to the pro-Israel lobby AIPAC and his votes to supply Israel with military aid.
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Lander has also labeled Israel's war in Gaza a "genocide" — a term Goldman has distanced himself from. Both men are Jewish.
Mamdani is also seeking to flex his political muscle in another hotly contested New York City primary that could end the career of a senior progressive lawmaker.
Rep. Adriano Espaillat, D-N.Y., the chair of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, is facing a serious challenge from upstart candidate Darializa Avila Chevalier, a socialist and activist who joined Columbia University's pro-Palestinian demonstrations.
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Mamdani threw a wrench into Espaillat's re-election bid when he made the surprise decision to endorse Avila Chevalier, 32, just weeks before the primary. The move has led to fierce backlash from some of the party’s establishment, who alleged that Mamdani privately pledged to Espaillat that he would support his bid for a sixth House term, multiple outlets reported.
Espaillat, 71, is seeking to fend off a challenge from his left flank despite membership in the Congressional Progressive Caucus and his support for ICE's dismantlement. He has also touted his background as the first former illegal immigrant elected to Congress.
Avila Chevalier has sparked controversy over since-deleted social media posts in which she voiced support for open borders, abolishing the police and called former President Joe Biden a "rapist," according to CNN.
The deep-blue district covering parts of Upper Manhattan and the West Bronx is a progressive stronghold that swung hard for Mamdani's mayoral campaign last year. Espaillat notably did not endorse Mamdani's campaign until after his primary win over former New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo, D-N.Y.
Jeffries, who represents a neighboring Brooklyn district, has vowed to help give Espaillat a sixth House term.
"Adriano Espaillat has been a tremendous leader," Jeffries told CNN on Tuesday. "He's leading in terms of battling Donald Trump."
Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz, D-Fla., a junior member of House Democratic leadership, is gearing up for a tough re-election fight after Republicans carved up her deep-blue seat during redistricting earlier this year.
The 11-term incumbent sparked controversy after filing to run in a plurality-Black district that has been represented by a Black lawmaker for more than three decades.
She is expected to face four Black opponents ahead of the August primary, including former Rep. Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick, D-Fla., who is making a long-shot run for the seat after resigning amid an expulsion threat earlier this year. Cherfilus-McCormick is also facing a pending federal criminal indictment over alleged financial crimes that could result in more than 50 years in prison if convicted.
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Local Black leaders publicly urged Wasserman Schultz to run for a different seat, but she moved forward with seeking the Democratic nomination in Florida’s 20th Congressional District.
While the four Black candidates have reportedly met to discuss unifying behind one individual to take on Wasserman Schultz, House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, D-N.Y., has thus far declined to bail her out.
The leading Democrat has repeatedly stopped short of offering his endorsement when asked by reporters, despite his long track record of backing incumbents. Jeffries has issued effusive praise for Wasserman Schultz’s record in Congress but signaled his concern that the incumbent’s victory could potentially decrease Black representation in Congress.
"I think we all recognize the sensitivities of the moment in terms of an unprecedented Jim Crow-like assault on Black political representation that has been unleashed by the Supreme Court's outrageous decision to gut the Voting Rights Act," Jeffries said during a news conference earlier in June when asked about Wasserman Schultz’s candidacy. "And it's an environment that all of us need to be sensitive to as we move forward."
Rep. Doris Matsui, D-Calif., advanced to November’s general election after surviving California’s top-two primary system last week, but her leftist challenger received a higher share of the vote.
Mai Vang, 41, a progressive Sacramento city councilmember campaigning on generational change, is seeking to unseat Matsui, 81, who is twice her age. As of Thursday, Vang outperformed Matsui by one percentage point in the primary contest.
The Democratic candidates will face off for the Democratic-leaning district in November after shutting out the single Republican in the race.
Matsui has represented the Sacramento-anchored district for more than two decades and has never faced a serious primary challenger prior to Vang. Her husband, Robert Matsui, previously represented the seat for roughly 25 years prior to his death in 2005.
Matsui has long allied herself with Pelosi, who endorsed her reelection campaign for a 12th House term. She has also donated to her campaign.
Vang is endorsed by the progressive, anti-incumbent organization Justice Democrats and Our Revolution, a group formed by Sanders staffers after his failed 2016 presidential campaign.
She faced scrutiny during the primary contest after videos surfaced of her refusing to face the American flag and say the Pledge of Allegiance during city council meetings.
Rep. Al Green, D-Texas, one of Trump's most vocal critics in Congress, lost his bid for a 12th House term in May.
Green, 78, came up short in a Democratic primary runoff election for a Houston-area district against Rep. Christian Menefee, D-Texas, 38. The two incumbents faced off for a Democratic-heavy district after Republicans' redistricting efforts effectively forced both men to compete for the same seat.
Menefee, who was first elected to Congress in February, is seen as a rising star in the Democratic Party and ran on a message of new leadership.
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Green faced widespread backlash over disrupting Trump's addresses to Congress two years in a row. After his outburst toward the president during a 2025 speech, Green was formally censured by Congress in a bipartisan vote.
Green has also repeatedly tried to impeach Trump. His most recent impeachment attempts since Trump retook office in 2025 were scuttled in part by Democratic opposition.
Trump mocked Green after his primary loss in a post on Truth Social.
"Congratulations to the Dumocrat Party!" Trump wrote. "Al Green, one of the most mentally deficient Congressmen in the history of our Country, has lost, in a landslide, his seat in Congress — but I will miss that lunatic not screaming and violently waving his cane at me during my next State of the Union Speech."