UNESCO warns misinformation erodes trust as Afghanistan media faces deepening crisis

The UNESCO warned on World Press Freedom Day that manipulation of information fuels division and undermines public trust, calling access to reliable information essential for peaceful societies.

Marking May 3, the United Nations said free and truthful information strengthens accountability, supports human rights, and remains a cornerstone of stability and democratic resilience worldwide.

UNESCO urged governments to protect freedom of expression and support journalism as a “pillar of peace,” stressing that verified information is critical in an era of growing misinformation.

In Afghanistan, the day comes amid severe restrictions on media, with authorities imposing censorship, limiting reporting, and detaining journalists since returning to power in 2021.

At least four journalists—Bashir Hatef, Shakib Nazari, Hamid Farhadi, and Abuzar Sarem—remain in detention, highlighting ongoing risks faced by media workers.

The Afghanistan Journalists Center reported at least 150 violations of press freedom over the past year, including threats, arrests, and increasing pressure on independent outlets.

According to Reporters Without Borders, Afghanistan ranks among the worst countries globally for press freedom, with a sharp decline following the Taliban takeover.

RSF says many independent media outlets have shut down or operate under strict control, forcing journalists into self-censorship to avoid reprisals.

The group also notes that female journalists have been disproportionately affected, with many banned from working, restricted in public roles, or pushed out of the profession entirely.

UN Special Rapporteur Richard Bennett has called for the immediate and unconditional release of detained journalists, warning that press freedom in Afghanistan has nearly collapsed.

He said reporters face intimidation, arbitrary detention, and surveillance, creating an environment of fear that undermines independent journalism and public access to information.

Bennett described the situation as a “catastrophe for press freedom,” urging urgent international attention to protect journalists and restore basic media freedoms.

Media watchdogs say press freedom is declining worldwide due to conflict, political pressure, and the spread of disinformation, increasing risks for journalists across regions.

Freedom of expression is protected under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, but enforcement remains weak in many countries facing instability and conflict.

Analysts warn that without urgent action, continued restrictions in Afghanistan will further silence independent voices and deepen the country’s information crisis.

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