Buzz Aldrin Finally Told the Truth about the Moon Landing – "We Didn’t Go There" (VIDEO)
Buzz Aldrin (born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; January 20, 1930) is an American engineer, former astronaut, and Command Pilot in the United States Air Force. As Lunar Module Pilot on the Apollo 11 mission, he and mission commander Neil Armstrong were the first two humans to land on the Moon. At least, that's what we know.
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A group of scientists obtained a stunning image of a distant galaxy, reminding us all how insignificant we are in the grand scheme of things.
This ‘monster galaxy’ is approximately 12 billion light-years from Earth and generates new stars 1,000 times faster than our own Milky Way galaxy.
Scientists used Chile’s $1.5 billion ALMA Observatory to capture views of the galaxy with a resolution ten times higher than any previous attempt, dubbed ‘COSMOS-AzTEC-1.’The measurements revealed previously unknown details about the structure of this starburst galaxy, which is thought to have formed in the first billion years after the Big Bang.
‘We found that there are two distinct large clouds several thousand light-years away from the center,’ said Ken-ichi Tadaki, of the National Astronomical Observatory in Tokyo, Japan which worked with the University of Massachusetts Amherst to make the observations.
That’s a significant achievement.
The Milky Way is made up of a single, dense center with spiral arms extending outwards. COSMOS-AzTEC-1, on the other hand, has three cores – or two smaller cores with their own discs several light-years away from the central one.
‘In most distant starburst galaxies, stars are actively formed in the center. So it is surprising to find off-center clouds,’ Tadaki said.
This galaxy appears to be highly unstable in comparison to other galaxies.
According to the researchers, the massive cloud of gas in the galaxy exerts too much pressure on the core, which the outward spin cannot compensate for. In a typical galaxy, gravity pushing inwards and pressure pushing outwards are balanced. This one, on the other hand, is going through a massive gravitational collapse, which is most likely what is causing its rapid star formation.
The entire monstrous galaxy, according to the team, will disintegrate in about 100 million years. However, they have yet to explain how it became so enormous in the first place.Scientists have long been aware of the fact that galaxies are growing in volume when they swallow up other, smaller galaxies. This process is part of the cosmic evolution. Evidence of this is the cosmic auras (halo) in which the stars of the cannibalized galaxies can be spotted, Science Alert writes.
All this applies in full force for Andromeda (also known as M31) – our closest neighbor. The galaxy has a huge and virtually invisible halo of stars that is bigger than itself. For a long time, scientists thought it had come from a number of small mergers. However, thanks to a new study by astronomers at Michigan University, it is clear that Andromeda’s halo is the result of the cannibalization of a giant galaxy about 2 billion years ago.
The Andromeda Galaxy
Scientists hope that by exploring the debris of this galaxy more thoroughly, they will be able to understand more about how disk galaxies (such as the Milky Way) have evolved and have not succumbed to cannibalization.
From the simulations, it is clear that the former giant (called M32p) was about 20 times larger than any other galaxy that once merged with the Milky Way. In other words, M32p was probably the third largest member of the "Local group" (after Milky Way and Andromeda).
The new discovery will help astronomers learn how galaxies like the Milky Way and Andromeda grew during the merger, but will also help unravel a longstanding mystery – how it was formed M32 – the satellite galaxy of Andromeda.
An observatory in Germany has been transformed into a massive R2-D2 by a German professor. Dr. Hubert Zitt, a professor at Zweibrücken University of Applied Sciences, is an expert in electrotechnology and… Star Wars.
Despite the fact that Zitt only has a PhD in systems theory of electrotechnology, he is well-known for his Star Wars lectures. According to Bored Panda, the science-fiction fan decided to make the Natural Science Association’s Zweibrück Observatory look like Star Wars’ lovable droid R2-D2.
The dull, gray observatory served an important purpose for scientists, but it was also a bit drab-looking. So, with the help of painter Klaus Ruffing and some of Zitt’s own students, the tall dome got an extreme makeover, and now it sports some serious Star Wars flair.
The observatory was already the perfect shape to be turned into the lovable Star Wars droid R2-D2, and aside from the lack of legs fixed to its side, it’s a dead ringer for the quirky robot.
If you had to pick Saturn out of a crowd, you’d most likely recognize it by its iconic rings. They are our solar system’s largest and brightest rings. Extending over 280,000 kilometers from the planet and wide enough to fit six Earths in a row. Saturn, on the other hand, will not always appear in this light. Because its rings are disappearing.
That’s right, Saturn is losing its rings! And fast. Much faster, even, than scientists had first thought. Saturn is currently receiving 10,000 kilograms of ring rain per second. Fast enough to fill an Olympic-sized pool in under 30 minutes.
This rain is made up of the shattered remains of Saturn’s rings. Saturn’s rings are mostly made up of ice and rock chunks. Which are constantly bombarded: some by UV radiation from the Sun, while others by tiny meteoroids.
When these collisions take place, the icy particles vaporize, forming charged water molecules that interact with Saturn’s magnetic field; ultimately, falling toward Saturn, where they burn up in the atmosphere.
Ring rain has been known since the 1980s, when NASA’s Voyager mission discovered mysterious, dark bands that turned out to be ring rain caught in Saturn’s magnetic fields. Researchers estimated that the rings would completely drain in 300 million years. But observations by NASA’s former Cassini spacecraft give a darker prognosis. Before its death dive into Saturn in 2017, Cassini managed to get a better look at the amount of ring-dust raining on Saturn’s equator.
The scientist discovered that it was raining more heavily than anticipated. They calculated that the rings had only 100 million years left to live based on these improved observations. It’s difficult to imagine Saturn without rings right now.
However, for the majority of its existence, the planet was as naked as Earth. While Saturn formed approximately 4.5 BILLION years ago, studies indicate that the rings are only 100-200 million years old at most. That makes them younger than some dinosaurs.
So when you think about it, we’re pretty lucky we happened to be around to see those magnificent rings. Really lucky, in fact. Because efforts to study those rings have led us to other discoveries.
With its incredible beauty, a time-lapse of Jupiter’s moons Europa and Io orbiting the gas giant has recently gone viral on the Internet. Because the time-lapse is so amazing, many users have claimed that it isn’t real.
While it’s important to be suspicious of photographs posted online, especially when fake images are circulated as real in exchange for clicks, we’re happy to report that the beautiful little movie is 100 % real. The fact check was also done by Snopes, which you can see here.
Kevin M.Gill is the creator of this incredible video. M.Gill is a NASA-JPL engineer who specializes in planetary image processing. He created this video by combining several photographs captured by the Cassini space probe during a visit to Jupiter in 2001. (Yes, none of these images or parts of the video were created with a computer.)
Kevin M.Gill explains: "The motion isn’t wholly accurate as I made it to look prettier than it was correct. It’s meant to portray the motion visible from a spacecraft that’s moving at a velocity faster than the moons are orbiting. So, from a stationary perspective, Io would move faster than Europa."
Because you’re looking at Europa from the perspective of a spacecraft traveling to the left, such as Cassini, it appears to be circling quicker than Io. Now that it is closer, Europa appears to be moving faster. This is a common illusion: objects appear to move slower as they get further away because they appear smaller and hence take longer to pass through our eyes.
Consider yourself on a freeway, looking across at the cars traveling in the opposite direction. A plane can be seen traveling in the same direction as the cars behind them. From your viewpoint, the autos look to be traveling faster than the plane, but they are not.
Jupiter is a secretive swirl of coffee and cream. We’re only beginning to understand the stories that lie beneath its undulating cloud bands.
Juno, NASA’s spacecraft, has played a crucial role in solving these mysteries. The probe’s JunoCam has been capturing stunning images of the gas giant for the past five years. Although the camera was not technically needed for Juno to achieve its primary scientific goals, the mission’s team agreed that it would be useful for public outreach.
Juno has allowed us to see our solar system’s oldest planet in a completely new way thanks to some talented image processors and citizen scientists.
As Juno prepares to embark on its extended mission, here are our favorite pictures from its journey so far: (click on the image to enlarge)
A stunning new picture of Jupiter based on data from NASA’s Juno spacecraft. The image shows the world’s southern hemisphere in all its glory, including the whirls of the giant planet’s atmosphere and its classic bands and stripes.
The window on Jupiter is a combination of four images that the onboard camera JunoCam took on Feb. 17, 2020; citizen-scientist Kevin M. Gill assembled the images into this stunning view. As it captured the images, Juno was orbiting between 30,700 and 62,400 miles (49,500 and 100,400 kilometers) above Jupiter’s clouds. (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS/Kevin M. Gill, © CC BY)
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