Gender discrimination in Afghanistan: The struggle of women for basic rights

Written By: Tabasum Nasiry

Women in Afghanistan remain among the most marginalized groups in society, enduring immense social, economic, and political challenges. The burden on Afghan women is compounded by rigid gender roles and systemic gender-based discrimination, often referred to as taboos. These taboos limit their opportunities for education, work, and participation in public life.

Sabira, a 26-year-old woman from Kabul, describes herself as a victim of these deeply entrenched taboos, saying that simply being a woman has stripped her dreams and freedoms. She believes the phrase “You are a woman” is used to justify the denial of her rights, imposing limitations on her aspirations.

March 8th, International Women’s Day, is a day celebrated globally to honor the social, political, and economic achievements of women. However, for Afghan women, it remains a stark reminder of the struggles they face under the Taliban’s rule. While the world marks this day in solidarity with women’s rights, Afghan women continue to fight for their fundamental rights, such as access to education, employment, and freedom of movement. International organizations, including the United Nations, emphasize the importance of removing the restrictive policies imposed on women in Afghanistan, pushing for the empowerment of women through education, employment, and access to healthcare.

Sabira, who has always dreamed of going to school, working, and living freely, faces the reality of an Afghan society that still holds rigid gender expectations. She recalls, “Whenever I spoke about my aspirations, I was told in no uncertain terms that women are not meant for such things; women should stay at home.” These words reflect the stark limitations imposed on Afghan women, where personal dreams are sacrificed for conformity to traditional gender roles.

Despite these societal constraints, Sabira remains determined and hopeful. “I believe in my abilities,” she says, asserting that she is no less capable than men. Unfortunately, society tells her the opposite, treating her as weak and confined to domestic duties. Living in a large family in Kabul, Sabira experiences firsthand the deep-rooted inequality that many Afghan women face on a daily basis. She views the discrimination against her and other women as deeply unjust, further solidifying her resolve to see a better future for Afghan women.

Sabira’s longing for a better future is reflected in her words: “I always think that I wish I were the last girl in this country who has buried her dreams. I hope that one day, all girls will have the right to choose their own path and progress without fear.” Her statement embodies the hope that one day Afghan women will not be bound by societal limitations but will have the freedom to make their own choices.

Gender discrimination in Afghanistan manifests in various forms, from the denial of education to forced marriages and restricted mobility. The inequities are deeply embedded in Afghan society, affecting women’s access to basic rights and opportunities. The denial of educational opportunities, for instance, has left many women without the skills needed to secure employment or contribute meaningfully to the economy. In addition, social taboos and family pressure often keep women confined to the household, limiting their ability to pursue careers or even leave their homes freely.

The lack of financial independence and educational opportunities also heightens the vulnerability of women to issues like forced marriages, abuse, and even suicide.

The global community must do more to support Afghan women in their fight for equality. While the international community celebrates Women’s Day, the situation for Afghan women continues to worsen, especially under the Taliban regime. International organizations and human rights groups continue to call for the removal of barriers to women’s freedom in Afghanistan.

There is a critical need for continued advocacy, support for education, and action to ensure that women’s voices are heard and respected, not only on March 8th but every day of the year.

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