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Gatchalian suggests suspending CSE over ‘confusing’ implementation

MANILA, Philippines – Senator Win Gatchalian said in a Senate joint committee hearing on Tuesday, January 28, that comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in Philippine schools is better off suspended if teachers are experiencing confusion in implementing it.

Gatchalian made the suggestion during the joint hearing of his education committee with the youth committee on the rising incidence of adolescent pregnancies and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among the youth. The former topic took front and center, as the hearing was also held amid a controversy over the pending anti-adolescent pregnancies bill.

Gatchalian pointed out discrepancies in the Department of Education’s (DepEd) 2018 Department Order No. 31 on implementing CSE, and its legal basis, the Reproductive Health Law. While the RH Law provides teaching age-appropriate sexuality education to adolescent children (ages 10 to 19), the DO says it applies to all learners.

The DepEd said that learners younger than 10 will only be educated on “foundational” knowledge, such as parts of the body and the senses, with no explicit lessons on sex.

“As it is, it is generally worded, and it may be a source of confusion, but any confusion can be clarified by the details,” said DepEd Undersecretary Filemon Ray Javier.

“And I suggest you clarify it, as in my opinion, if there’s confusion, let’s suspend it,” said Gatchalian.

During the hearing, former Supreme Court chief justice Maria Lourdes Sereno, now representing the National Coalition for the Family and the Constitution, raised concerns about what their group believed were inappropriate concepts in CSE.

Sereno, who is also the face of Project Dalisay, presented slides showing reportedly the pilot CSE program being implemented by the DepEd, which had “sexual body parts” as key messages in CSE in Grades 1 to 3, as well as gender theory in Grade 10.

When Gatchalian asked the DepEd to confirm whether this was being used, the agency’s representatives responded vaguely.

“In the curriculum that I have, Mr. Chair, I didn’t see those things… Perhaps these are presentations by the resource speakers about some of the framework of how CSE is to be implemented, but in the final documents that we have, those are not in there,” said DepEd Assistant Secretary Janir Datukan.

Gatchalian noted how this was a “disconnect” between the pilot program and what was being taught on the ground. When Gatchalian further asked which version was being taught to teachers, Datukan responded, “I cannot 100% accurately say which one is the one presented.”

“The problem, DepEd, kasi, with your answers is that it doesn’t give me any confidence that CSE is being implemented properly. I don’t get straight answers from any of you,” said Gatchalian, addressing the three DepEd representatives in the hearing.

Challenges for teachers

Senator Risa Hontiveros also cited a 2020 report on a baseline assessment of teachers’ capacity on CSE from select regions showing that teachers “still need to be more aware of the details of the program — how to implement it, and where and how to get resources.”

The report found that around 65% of teachers interviewed were aware that CSE was a DepEd priority, but less than half had access to the official DepEd CSE policy, even if almost all or 90% were supportive of CSE.

Gatchalian also gave anecdotes of consulting teachers in his home turf Valenzuela, who gave mixed answers about implementing CSE.

“It’s not also clear to them how to implement it, and I don’t blame them because I’m getting the same from DepEd Central,” said Gatchalian.

Debate

While the Tuesday hearing was for a resolution on adolescent pregnancies and HIV, it also became a space for the elephant in the room — how a group of conservative voices led by Sereno was trying to scrap CSE, as it is guided by international standards, based on DO 31.

The hearing also did not technically tackle the anti-adolescent pregnancies bill or Senate Bill No. 1979, which Project Dalisay is also opposing, since it is at the plenary level.

War waged by religious groups derails bill vs teenage pregnancy

Reiterating points from Project Dalisay’s viral video, Sereno pointed to technical guidance documents from the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (Unesco) and the World Health Organization (WHO), which had suggestions on teaching concepts like early childhood masturbation to children aged 0 to 4.

Sereno maintained these points, even though Hontiveros took the opportunity at the beginning of the hearing to set the record straight with the DepEd. Asked if CSE will teach inappropriate concepts to children and water down parents’ role in guiding their children about information on sex, Datukan said, “Malayo sa katotohanan (It is far from the truth).”

But Sereno said CSE is a “brand” that always integrates the Unesco and WHO documents. “The moment you talk about sexual rights, and talk about gender, then all protective protocols… immediately break down.”

Hontiveros and Sereno had an exchange about how the latter was part of the Supreme Court which upheld the constitutionality of the RH Law in 2014.

There were 3,343 girls aged 10 to 14 in 2023 who gave birth, all of which may be considered statutory rape, since the age of sexual consent in the country is 16.

Romeo Dongeto, executive director of the Philippine Legislators’ Committee on Population and Development, raised the issue of how teaching sex education cannot be left to parents alone, since parents have also been cited as perpetrators in the related issue of online sexual exploitation of children.

“We’re both happy because these things are have been discussed in the hearing, but we are sad that there is now a growing conservative movement among the churches, and those who are opposing the bill,” Dongeto told Rappler after the hearing.

“This will affect Filipino children. This will further have negative effects on the current very problematic situation when it comes to teenage sexuality, when it comes to children being abused by even their own family members,” he added. – Rappler.com

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